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ืกื™ื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืคื•ืœื™ืŸ

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ืกื™ื•ืจ ื‘ืžืกืœื•ืœ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื‘ื•ืจืฉื”

ืื ื™ ืžื–ืžื™ืŸ ืืชื›ื ืœืกื™ื•ืจ ืคืจื˜ื™ ื‘ืžืกืœื•ืœ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื‘ื•ืจืฉื” ื‘ื”ื“ืจื›ืชื™. ืกื™ื•ืจ ืชืชืจื›ื– ืขืœ ืืชืจื™ื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื•ืจืฉื”, ืืจื•ืขื™ื ื•ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื”ืฉืคื™ืขื• ืขืœ ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืขื™ืจ. ื™ื—ื“ ืื™ืชื™ ื ืกื™ื™ืจ ื‘ืœื ืžืขื˜ ืืชืจื™ื ืžืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื. ืกื™ื•ืจื™ื ื”ื ืกื™ื•ืจื™ื ืคืจื˜ื™ื™ื, ื‘ืงืฆื‘ ื•ื‘ื”ืชืืžื” ืžืœืื” ืœื‘ืงืฉืชื›ื.

 

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ืกื™ื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื› 4-4,5 ืฉืขื•ืช

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ืžื“ืจื™ืš ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ ื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืขื‘ืจื™ืช

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ื–ืžื™ื ื•ืช ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืชืืžื” ืœื‘ืงืฉืช ื”ืžืกื™ื™ืจ

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ืกื™ื•ืจ ืคืจื˜ื™

ืื ื™ ืฉืžื— ืœื”ื–ืžื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื›ื ืœืกื™ื•ืจ ืžื•ื“ืš ื‘ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื”ืžืกื›ื™ืœื™ื ื•ืžืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื•ืจืฉื” ืฉืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืœื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช ื”ื™ืคื” ื•ื’ื ืขืฆื•ื‘ื” ื•ื˜ืจืื’ื™ื˜. ื‘ืกื™ื•ืจ ืฉืœื ื• ืื ื• ืžืชื ื™ื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ืจื›ื‘ ื•ื‘ื—ืœืงื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ื™ืžื™ื ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ื‘ืจื’ืœ, ื”ืกื™ื•ืจ ื”ื•ื ืคืจื˜ื™ ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืžืชื•ืื ืœืฆืจื›ื™ื ื•ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืฉืœื›ื

ืกื™ื•ืจ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื‘ื•ืจืฉื”

ื”ื™ื“ืขืชื ืฉืœืคื ื™ ืžืœื—ืžืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื”, ื•ืจืฉื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืื—ื“ ืžืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืื™ืจื•ืคื”? ื”ืžืกื•ืจืช ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช ื ืจืืชื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืฆืขื“, ืžื—ื™ื™ ื”ื™ื•ืžื™ื•ื ื•ืขื“ ืœืื“ืจื™ื›ืœื•ืช, ืืžื ื•ืช ื•ืœืกืคืจื•ืช. ืœืฆืขืจื ื• ื”ืฉื•ืื” ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืคืจืง ื˜ืจื’ื™ ืฉืื™ืชื• ื’ื ื”ื›ื”ื™ืœื” ื”ืžืคื•ืืจืช ื”ืคืกื™ืงื” ืืช ืงื™ื•ืžื”.

ื ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืกื™ื•ืจ ื’ื ืขืœ ืœื ืžืขื˜ ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื•ืช, ื›ืžื• ืœืžืฉืœ ื™ืืŸ ืงืจืกืงื™, ืžืืจืง ืื“ืœืžืŸ, ืžื•ืจื“ื›ื™ ืื ื™ืœื‘ื™ืฅ, ืคืื•ืœ ืคืจื ืงืœ ื•ืขื•ื“.

ืœื”ืœืŸ ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืฉืœ ื—ืœืง ืžืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฉื‘ื”ื ื ื‘ืงืจ ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืกื™ื•ืจ:

ย  ืื ื“ืจื˜ื” ืœืฉื•ืื” ื•ืœื’ื‘ื•ืจื” (ืจืคืคื•ืจื˜)

ื”ืื ื“ืจื˜ื” ื ื‘ื ืชื” ื–ืžืŸ ืงืฆืจ ืœืื—ืจ ืžืœื—ืžืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ื‘ืฉื ืช 1948 ื•ื ื•ืขื“ื” ืœื”ื ืฆื™ื— ืืช ื”ืื™ืจื•ื›ื™ื ื‘ืžืจื“ ื’ื˜ื• ื•ืจืฉื” ื‘ืื ื“ืจื˜ื” ื–ื• ืงื ืฆืœืจ ื’ืจืžื ื™ ย ื•ื•ื™ืœื™ ื‘ืจื ื“ื˜ ย ืงืจืข ื‘ืจืš ื‘-1970 ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืชื ืฆืœ ืขืœ ื”ืคืฉืขื™ื ืฉื‘ื™ืฆืข ื”ืจื™ื™ืš ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื•ื”ื ืืฆื™ื

)Umschlagplatz( ื›ื›ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืœื•ื—ื™ื

ืื ื“ืจื˜ืช ืื•ืžืฉืœืื’ืคืœืืฅ ืžืžื•ืงืžืช ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉื‘ื• ื”ื—ืœื• ืฉื™ืœื•ื—ื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืœืžื—ื ื” ื”ื”ืฉืžื“ื” ื˜ืจื‘ืœื™ื ืงื” ื‘ืงื™ืฅ-1942 ื•ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื•ืช ืžืื•ื—ืจื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ. ืฆื•ืจืชื• ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื” ืืช ื—ื•ืžื•ืช ื”ื’ื˜ื• ื•ืงืจื•ืŸ ืจื›ื‘ืช ืขืœ ื”ืงื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืคื ื™ื ื—ืจื•ื˜ื™ื ืœืžืขืœื” ืžืืจื‘ืข ืžืื•ืช ืฉืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ืงื•ืจื‘ื ื•ืช. ื‘ื”ืœื™ื›ื” ืžืื ื“ืจื˜ืช ืจืคืคื•ืจื˜ ืœื›ื›ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืœื•ื—ื™ื ื ืžืฆื ื ืชื™ื‘ ื”ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืœืฉื•ืื” ื•ืœื’ื‘ื•ืจื”, ืืœื• ื”ื ืื‘ื ื™ ื”ื ืฆื—ื” ื”ืžืชืืจื•ืช ืืช ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื’ื˜ื• ื•ืจืฉื”.

ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืงื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™

ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืขืœืžื™ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืขืœืžื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื”ืฉื ื™ ื‘ื’ื•ื“ืœื• ื‘ืื™ืจื•ืคื” ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืจืื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืžืขื ื™ื™ื ื•ืช.ื›ืืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืจื™ื ืื ืฉื™ื ื™ื“ื•ืขื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื, ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ืœื•ื“ื•ื•ื™ืง ื–ืžื ื”ื•ืฃ ื™ื•ืฆืจ ืฉืคืช ื”ืืกืคืจื ื˜ื•,ื”ืกื•ืคืจ ื™ ืœ ืคืจืฅ. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ื ื™ืžืฆื ื›ืืŸ ื”ืงื‘ืจ ื”ืกืžืœื™ ืฉืœ ื™ืื ื•ืฉ ืงื•ืจืฆ'ืง ื•ื™ืœื“ื™ื•. ื‘ื™ืช ืงื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื‘ื•ืจืฉื” ื”ื•ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ื ืฉืคืขื™ืœื™ื ืขื“ ืขืฆื ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื–ื” ื‘ืคื•ืœื™ืŸ

ื‘ื™ืช ื›ื ืกืช ื ื•ื–ื™ืง

ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ื‘ื•ืจืฉื” ืฉืฉืจื“ ืืช ื”ืฉื•ืื”. ื”ื•ื ื”ื•ืงื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืŸ ืžื ืฉื” ื ื•ื–'ื™ืง, ืกื•ื—ืจ ื˜ืงืกื˜ื™ืœ ืขืฉื™ืจ, ื•ืจืขื™ื™ืชื• ืจื™ื‘ืงื”. ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช ื ื•ื–'ื™ืง ื ื‘ื ื” ื‘ืกื’ื ื•ืŸ ื ื™ืื•-ืจื•ืžื ืกืงื™. ื‘ืžืœื—ืžืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ืฉื™ืžืฉ ื”ืžื‘ื ื” ืืช ื”ื’ืจืžื ื™ื ื›ืžื—ืกืŸ ื•ืื•ืจื•ื•ืช ืกื•ืกื™ื

ื‘ืกืžื•ืš ืœื‘ื™ืช ื›ื ืกืช ื ืžืฆื ืจื—ื•ื‘ ืคืจื•ื–'ื ื” – ืื—ื“ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื”ื‘ื•ื“ื“ื™ื ืฉืฉืžืจ ืขืœ ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ื•ืจืฉื” ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช ื”ื™ืฉื ื”.

ื—ื•ืžื•ืช ื”ื’ื˜ื•

ื‘ื—ืฆืจ ื”ืื—ื•ืจื™ืช ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืจื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืกื™ื™ื ื” ื•ื–ืœื•ื˜ื” ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืจืื•ืช ื—ืœืง ืžื—ื•ืžืช ื”ื’ื˜ื•. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ื‘ื›ืœ ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื™ืจ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื™ืžืฆื•ื ืกื™ืžื•ื ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืžื“ืจื—ื•ืช ื•ื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื ืฉืžืกืžื ื™ื ืœื ื• ืื™ืคื” ืขื‘ืจื” ื”ื—ื•ืžื” ื•ืื™ืคื” ื”ื™ื• ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื’ื˜ื•

ืื ื“ืจื˜ืช ื”ื’ืฉืจย  ย  ย 

ื‘-1942 ื ื‘ื ื” ืžืขืœ ืจื—ื•ื‘ ื—ืœื•ื“ื ื” ื’ืฉืจ ืขืฅ ื”ืžื—ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื™ ื—ืœืงื™ ื”ื’ื˜ื• ื”ืงื˜ืŸ ื•ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื›ื™ื•ื ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื–ื” ื ืžืฆืืช ืื ื’ืจื˜ื” ื‘ืฉื "ื’ืฉืจ ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ" ื”ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืกืช ืœืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ื”ื˜ืจื’ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืื•ืชื” ืชืงื•ืคื”

.ื‘ื•ื ืงืจ ืฉืœ ืื ื™ืืœื‘ื™ืฅ

ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืžืจื“ ื’ื˜ื• ื•ืจืฉื”, ืœื•ื—ืžื™ื ื•ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืžืฆืื• ืžื—ืกื” ื‘ืžื” ืฉื ืงืจื ื‘ื•ื ืงืจื™ื, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ื—ื“ืจื™ื ื‘ืžืจื˜ืคื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืกืชืจื• ืžืชื—ืช ืœื‘ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื. ื”ื’ืจืžื ื™ื ื’ื™ืœื• ืื•ืชื ื‘ื”ื“ืจื’ื” ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืคื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ื’ื˜ื• . ื‘ืื—ื“ ืžื‘ื•ื ืงืจื™ื ื›ืืœื” ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘ ืžื™ืœื” 18 ื”ืกืชืชืจ ืžืคืงื“ ืื™ืจื’ื•ืŸ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืœื•ื—ื ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืื ื™ืœื‘ื™ืฅ' ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ย 120 ืœื•ื—ืžื™ื. ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ื”ืชื’ืœืชื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื’ืจืžื ื™ื ื‘-8 ื‘ืžืื™ 1943, ื•ืจื•ื‘ ื—ื‘ืจื™ื” ื”ืชืื‘ื“ื•. ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืชืœ ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื•ืื ื“ืจื˜ื” ืฉืขืœื™ื” ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืœื•ื—ืžื™ื

 

ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืืœื• ื•ืขื•ื“ ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ืžืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืื ื• ื ื‘ืงืจ ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืกื™ื•ืจ ืฉืœื ื•

ื”ื™ืจืฉืžื• ืขื›ืฉื™ื•!

ืขื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ืกื™ื•ืจื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ื‘ื•ืจืฉื” ื•ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” :ย 
ืกื™ื•ืจ ืœืงื–'ื™ืžื™ื™ื–' ื“ื•ืœื ื™
ืกื™ื•ืจ ืœืงื–'ื™ืžื™ื™ื–' ื“ื•ืœื ื™

ืกื™ื•ืจ ืœืงื–'ื™ืžื™ื™ื–' ื“ื•ืœื ื™ ืื ื™ ืžื–ืžื™ืŸ ืืชื›ื ืœื™ื•ื ืกื™ื•ืจ ืคืจื˜ื™ ืœืงืื–ื™ืžื™ื™ื–' ื“ื•ืœื ื™. ืืฉืžื— ืœื”ื›ื™ืจ ืœื›ื ืืช ื”ืขื™ื™ืจื” ืงื˜ื ื” ื•ืคืกื˜ื•ืจืืœื™ืช ืขื ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื•ืจืฉืช ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืฉืœ ืคื•ืœื™ืŸ. ืกื™ื•ืจื™ื ืคืจื˜ื™ื™ื, ื‘ืงืฆื‘ ื•ื‘ื”ืชืืžื” ืžืœืื” ืœื‘ืงืฉืชื›ื.  ืžื–ืžื™ืŸ ืืชื›ื ืœื”ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืขื™ื™ืจื”, ืœื”ืชืจืฉื ืžื ื•ืคื™ื ืขื•ืฆืจื™ ื ืฉื™ืžื”...

ืงืจืื• ืขื•ื“
ืกื™ื•ืจ ื‘ืžืกืœื•ืœ ื”ืงืœืืกื™ ืฉืœ ื•ืจืฉื”
ืกื™ื•ืจ ื‘ืžืกืœื•ืœ ื”ืงืœืืกื™ ืฉืœ ื•ืจืฉื”

ืกื™ื•ืจ ื‘ืžืกืœื•ืœ ื”ืงืœืืกื™ ื‘ื•ืจืฉื” ืื ื™ ืžื–ืžื™ืŸ ืืชื›ื ืœืกื™ื•ืจ ืคืจื˜ื™ ื‘ืžืกืœื•ืœ ื”ืคื•ืœื ื™ ( ื”ืงืœืืกื™) ื‘ื•ืจืฉื” ื‘ื”ื“ืจื›ืชื™. ืกื™ื•ืจ ืชืชืจื›ื– ืขืœ ืืชืจื™ื ื”ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืจ ื”ืขืชื™ืงื” ืฉืœ ื•ืจืฉื” ื•ืืจืžื•ืŸ ืœืื–'ื ืงื™, ืืจื•ืขื™ื ื•ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื”ืฉืคื™ืขื• ืขืœ ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืขื™ืจ. ื™ื—ื“ ืื™ืชื™ ื ืกื™ื™ืจ ื‘ืœื ืžืขื˜ ืืชืจื™ื ืžืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื. ืกื™ื•ืจื™ื ื”ื ืกื™ื•ืจื™ื ืคืจื˜ื™ื™ื, ื‘ืงืฆื‘...

ืงืจืื• ืขื•ื“
ืฉืขื” ืœืชื—ื™ืœืช ืกื™ื•ืจ ื•ืœืกื™ื•ืžื•

ืžื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืกื™ื•ืจื™ื ืคืจื˜ื™ื™ื ืฉืขืช ืื™ืกื•ืฃ ื•ืฉืขืช ื”ื—ื–ืจื” ื”ืŸ ื’ืžื™ืฉื•ืช ื•ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื›ื. ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืช ืžืžืœื™ืฅ ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ื™ื•ื ื˜ื™ื•ืœ ืื—ืจื™ 10:00. ืชืœื•ื™ ืžืื•ื“ ื’ื ืขื•ื ืช ื”ืฉื ื” ( ื‘ื—ื•ืจืฃ ืžื—ืฉื™ืš ื‘ 15:00-16:00) ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืžื•ืžืœืฅ ืœื”ืชืขื“ื›ืŸ ื•ืœืชืื ืžื•ืœื™ ืืช ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช

ืžื” ื”ื’ื•ื“ืœ ื”ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžืœื™ ืœืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ?

ืกื™ื•ืจื™ื ืคืจื˜ื™ื™ื, ืจืง ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืฉืœื›ื. ืื ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืฉืœ ืื“ื ืื—ื“ – ืืฉืžื— ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืื™ืชื• ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืžืกืœื•ืœ. ื–ื•ื’, ืžืฉืคื—ื” , ื—ื‘ืจื™ื – ืขื“ 6 ื ื•ืกืขื™ื – ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื ื‘ืขื™ื”. ื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืชืื•ื ืื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืฉืžืขืœ 6 ืžืฉืชืชืคื™ื ื›ื™ ืื– ืื ื• ื ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื”ืชื ื™ื™ื“ ื‘ืจื›ื‘ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืขื ื ื”ื’ ื”ืกืขื•ืช ื›ื—ื•ืง. ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื’ื•ื“ืœ ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืชืฉืชื ื” ื’ื ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ื•ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื’ื ืชื™ื–ืžื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืกืœื•ืœ. ืืฉืžื— ืœื™ืขืฅ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื•ืœื ืœื“ืื•ื’ – ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื›ืœ ื’ื•ื“ืœ ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื”. ืฆืจื™ืš ืจืง ืœืชืื ื‘ื”ืชืื

ื›ืžื” ื–ื” ืขื•ืœื” ?

ืœื‘ืจื™ื, ืžืขื“ื™ืฃ ืœื ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ืžื—ื™ืจ ื‘ืืชืจ ื•ืœืขื ื•ืช ืœืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื–ื• ื‘ื”ื•ื“ืขื” ืคืจื˜ื™ืช . ืœืžื” ? ื›ื™ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืกื™ื•ืจ ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ื›ืžื” ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื, ื›ืžื• ื’ื•ื“ืœ ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื”, ืขื•ื ืช ื”ืฉื ื”, ืžืกืœื•ืœ ื•ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื•ืช. ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจื›ื, ื”ืกื™ื•ืจื™ื ื”ื ืกื™ื•ืจื™ื ืคืจื˜ื™ื™ื, ื›ืš ืฉื›ืœ ืžื—ื™ืจ ืฉืชืฉืžืขื• ืžืžื ื™ ื”ื•ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžื—ื™ืจ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฉืชืชืคื™ื

ืžื” ื›ืœื•ืœ ื•ืžื” ืœื ื›ืœื•ืœ ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ?

ืœืขื ื•ืช ืœืฉืืœื” ื–ื• ื“ื™ ืงืœ ื•ืคืฉื•ื˜ ๐Ÿ™‚ย 

ื›ืœื•ืœ : ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื‘ืขื‘ืจื™ืช, ื›ืœ ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ืจื›ื‘ ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื“ืœืง,ื—ื ื™ื•ืช,ื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ ืื’ืจื” ื•ื›ื•'. ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืื™ืฉื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžื“ืจื™ืš – ืื•ื›ืœ ื•ืœื™ื ื”.

ืœื ื›ื•ืœืœ : ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื›ื ื™ืกื” ืœืืชืจื™ื, ืืจื•ื—ื•ืช ื•ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ืงื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื›ื

ืฉืืœื•ืช ื•ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืชย 

ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื”ื•ื•ื™ืช ืกื™ื•ืจื™ื , ืžืกืขื•ืช ื•ื˜ื™ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื”ื“ืจื›ืชื™ ืชืขื‘ื•ืจ ืœื›ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื”ื›ื™ ืžื•ืฆืœื—ืช ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช, ืืฉืžื— ืœื”ื“ื’ื™ืฉ ื›ืžื” ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช. ื”ืŸ ื›ืœืœื™ื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื›ืœ ืกื™ื•ืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืกืœื•ืœ ืฉืชื‘ื—ืจื•. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ืืฉืžื— ืœืขื ื•ืช ืœื›ืœ ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช . ื’ื ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืžืกืœื•ืœ ื•ื’ื ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืœื•ื’ื™ืกื˜ื™ื™ื ๐Ÿ™‚ย